SULFATES IN BLOOD

Bile acid sulfates. I. Synthesis of lithocholic acid sulfates and their identification in human bile.

Sulfate esters of lithocholic, glycolithocholic, and taurolithocholic acids were synthesized using sulfur trioxide in pyridine; they were purified by crystallization from methanol or ethanol as the diammonium salts, and their chemical compositions, infared spectra, and chromatographic behavior were determined. Strong alkaline hydrolysis of these sulfates, as commonly performed during quantitati...

Bile acid sulfates. II. Formation, metabolism, and excretion of lithocholic acid sulfates in the rat.

Sulfate esterification has been shown previously to be a prominent feature of lithocholate metabolism in man. These studies were undertaken to ascertain whether this metabolic pathway is also present in rats, and to investigate the physiological significance of bile acid sulfate formation. Lithocholic acid-24-(14)C was administered to bile fistula rats, and sulfated metabolites were identified ...

Enzymatic synthesis of steroid sulfates.

De Meio and Lewycka (1) have obtained indirect evidence that conjugation of dehydroisoandrosterone with sulfuric acid occurs in a system consisting of microsome-free supernatant fluid of rat liver, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and magnesium and sulfate ions. They showed that, following incubation, some of the Zimmermann-positive material remains in the aqueous phase after ether extraction at p...

Chromate reduction in cement using ferrous sulfates

Bioengineered heparins and heparan sulfates.

Heparin and heparan sulfates are closely related linear anionic polysaccharides, called glycosaminoglycans, which exhibit a number of important biological and pharmacological activities. These polysaccharides, having complex structures and polydispersity, are biosynthesized in the Golgi of animal cells. While heparan sulfate is a widely distributed membrane and extracellular glycosaminoglycan, ...